中国未来教育研究书系1 •
技术篇
《面向智能时代:教育、技术与社会发展》
2021年7月,未来教育研究中心联合北京师范大学智慧学习研究院推出中国未来教育研究书系1——《面向智能时代:教育、技术与社会发展》。中心主任关成华教授、智慧学习研究院黄荣怀教授担任主编。本书从时代发展的视角考察未来教育,通过对智能时代教育创新与变革趋势的研判,形成对未来教育发展的启示。全书共分为技术篇、学习篇、市场篇和政府篇。本期聚焦技术篇,第三讲:家庭学习环境正在迈向“智慧”新形态。看技术如何推动家庭学习环境演进。
家庭是孩子最早接受教育的场所,父母是孩子最早的老师,家庭收入也是支撑孩子早期教育的重要经济支柱。家庭教育是大教育的重要组成部分,是学校教育和社会教育的基础,受到国家各个部门的重视,被提到国家教育战略高度。2016年全国妇联、教育部、中央文明办等联合印发《关于指导推进家庭教育的五年规划(2016—2020 年)》,提出建立健全家庭教育公共服务网络,大力拓展家庭教育新媒体服务平台。中国互联网络信息中心调查发现,未成年人的网上学习活动按比例从高到低依次是:做作业(45.5%)、复习学过的知识(44.4%)、在线答疑(40.7%)、背单词(39.1%)、学习课外知识(33.4%)、在线教育辅导(18.3%)。相比于成年人在网上主要是搜索、获取信息,未成年人则更多是延续课堂教育并有所拓展。从中国互联网络信息中心的数据中我们会发现,未成年人上网活动中,学习活动所占比重最高,这也体现了技术在家庭教育中发挥着越来越重要的作用。
01 低收入低学历家庭更易陷入“数字鸿沟”
家庭收入、学历的差异,也会导致家庭利用技术开展教育学习活动方面出现巨大的鸿沟。一项针对北京、河北、湖北三地的家庭调研发现,经济发达的城市中,父母学历高的家庭对技术的认知程度更高,对智能设备的利用率更高,能更好地利用互联网和智能设备获取优质教育资源和工具,也能更有效地控制电子设备对孩子教育的负面影响,引导孩子正确使用电子设备。
经济欠发达地区,尤其是农村地区的父母知识水平有限,对电子设备的使用方法掌握不够,甚至不能提供电子设备来支撑子女的在线学习。一些农村家庭即使购买了电子设备,也缺乏有效的利用;相比来说,学生偷偷使用电子设备打游戏、娱乐等现象远远多于城市或者经济发达地区家庭。即使在北京这样的一线城市,家庭拥有支持教育的电子设备的情况也是差距很大。北京市教委“延期开学”方案中,除了利用北京数字学校等线上资源,还充分考虑到家庭网络和电子设备拥有情况,同步推出利用歌华有线电视来观看录播课程的解决方案。互联网、信息技术确实对于打破时空限制、解决优质教育资源配置不平衡问题有重要作用,但是我们也看到,家庭收入、对技术的认知等差异也导致不同的家庭对技术的使用水平不同,产生了数字鸿沟。随着国家对于“新基建”投入的增加,及各个地方政府对于“新基建”的重视,不同区域的信息技术基础设施和网络环境必将迎来巨大变化,智能终端设备的易用性也会逐渐增强,这将使得我国居民使用智能技术变得越来越便利。未来,技术和智能设备必将在家庭教育中发挥越来越大的作用。
02 技术推动家庭学习环境演进的五个阶段
家庭学习环境的演进与人类教育发展史密切相关,受家庭教育理念、家庭教育媒体、家庭教育资源、家庭教育技术,以及社会生产力、教育力、学习力的影响。在人类的教育史上,先后出现了体态教育、语言教育、文字教育、电子教育、信息化教育五次教育革命,如今人类正在迈向第六次教育革命——智能教育。每一次教育革命必将引发家庭学习环境的变革。
纵览人类家庭教育史,依据所处的时代,家庭学习环境的演进可以分为五个阶段:史前家庭学习环境、古代家庭学习环境、近代家庭学习环境、现代家庭学习环境、智慧家庭学习环境。如下表所示,从教育发展阶段、学习形态、学习媒介、学习资源等方面比较了家庭学习环境演进的五个阶段。
▲家庭学习环境演进的五个阶段比较
03 智慧家庭学习环境的规划与设计
智慧家庭学习环境是家庭学习环境发展的新形态。智慧家庭学习环境,是以传承中华传统美德、弘扬家文化、践行终身教育为宗旨,以智能家居为基础,利用智能电视、智能手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、家教机器人等智能终端,以及家庭教育资源、学校教育资源、社区教育资源等构建的家庭学习空间。智慧家庭学习环境规划与设计应该遵循五大原则:经济性原则、舒适性原则、简约性原则、创意性原则、智慧型原则。智慧家庭学习环境设计需要突出知识创新的理念,促进家庭学习从知识传播向知识创造转型发展,以建立学习型家庭和创新型家庭。智慧家庭学习环境的构建应体现四大理念:即得理念、共享理念、集成理念和生成理念。智慧家庭学习环境的构建还应遵循四大原则:实用性原则、先进性原则、高效性原则、扩展性原则。智慧家庭学习环境具有六大功能:学习资源智能推送、学习情境智能感知、无缝衔接智能处理、环境设备智能管控、全面交互智能反馈、实用监控智能可视。智慧家庭学习环境应该能够支持终身学习、舒适学习、深度学习、意义学习和趣味学习。智慧家庭学习环境由智慧家具、智慧媒体、智慧技术、智慧家教资源、家庭人文环境等要素构成。有研究者综合分析智慧学习环境、家庭基础设施和家居环境,借鉴黄荣怀等提出的智慧教室“SMART”概念模型等,构建“FAMILY-SMART”概念模型。
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)
▲“FAMILY-SMART”概念模型
从技术视野看,智慧家庭学习环境具有智慧呈现(smart showing)、情境感知(context awareness)、智能管理(intelligent management)、即时互动(real-time interactive)、泛在技术(ubiquitous technology)五个维度的特征(简称SMART)。从学习者视角看,智慧家庭学习环境可提供舒服的(comfortable)、独立的(autonomous)、热情的(impassioned)、专心的(concentrative)、放松的(relaxed)、年轻的(young)六个维度的心理体验(简称 FAMILY)。
家庭环境通过家庭教育文化创新引领智慧学习环境,智慧学习环境以智慧技术促进家庭环境智慧化。人格教育、知识和技能教育、创新和创造力的教育共同构成了家庭教育文化。